From Physical Servers to Kubernetes: The Complete Evolution of Application Networking (Explained with real example – TravelCity)
If you’ve ever tried to jump straight into Docker or Kubernetes without understanding why they exist, you’ve probably felt lost. Terms like Pods, Services, Ingress Controllers, and Load Balancers start to feel like buzzwords instead of…
Retrieval-Augmented Generation (RAG): Architecture, Pipeline, and Enterprise Implementation
Introduction Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT, Claude, Gemini, and Llama have transformed how organizations build AI-powered applications. These models excel at understanding language, reasoning, and generating human-like responses. However, they…
Building Enterprise AI Applications with RAG and LangChain
Large Language Models (LLMs) such as GPT, Claude, and Gemini are excellent at understanding language, reasoning, and generating human-like responses. However, they have one major limitation—they do not know your organization’s private knowledge…
From ChatGPT to AI Agents to MCP: Understanding the Evolution of Enterprise AI
Introduction Over the past couple of years, we’ve all become familiar with AI tools like ChatGPT, Claude, Gemini, and Microsoft Copilot. They can answer questions, summarize documents, write emails, generate presentations, and even help us write…
Service Discovery in Microservices: From Eureka to Kubernetes
In a microservices architecture, applications are split into multiple independent services. For example, an e-commerce application may consist of the following services: These services frequently communicate with each other. For example: Whenever the…
How Service Discovery Works in Kubernetes ?
In Kubernetes, service discovery is the mechanism that allows pods to find and communicate with other applications without needing to know their IP addresses. The Problem Pods are ephemeral: If applications connected directly to pod IPs, communication…
Designing Netflix: Step-by-Step System Design Interview Guide
This is a classic large-scale distributed system interview problem. The goal is to design a video streaming platform that supports millions of users with high availability, low latency, and global scalability. 1. Clarify Requirements Start by asking…
Web Application Architecture in AWS (Amazon)
High level architecture More detailed architecture On-Prem vs AWS Architecture Mapping Your original architecture was: AWS Equivalent Architecture Service Mapping Table On-Prem AWS Equivalent F5 ASM AWS WAF F5 LTM Application Load Balancer (ALB)…
Advance on-prem web application architecture
On-Prem Enterprise Kubernetes Architecture Diagram: Traffic Flow External API Consumer Flow Internal Service Communication This is a realistic enterprise on-prem architecture suitable for banks, insurance, retail, telecom, and large-scale Java/Spring…
Web Application- Azure Cloud Architecture – Detailed Component Breakdown & NFR Mapping
High Level Architecture End-to-End Flow 1. User Layer Mobile & Desktop Users Users access Product and Order applications through browsers or mobile applications. Responsibilities NFR Coverage NFR Benefit Usability Responsive user experience…